1 Samuel chronicles a pivotal period in Israel’s history, marking the transition from the era of judges to the establishment of monarchy. The book begins with the birth and calling of Samuel, the last judge and first major prophet of Israel. Samuel plays a crucial role in anointing Israel’s first two kings and serves as a bridge between the old system of judges and the new monarchy. The early chapters focus on Samuel’s birth, his service under Eli the priest, and his growing influence as a prophet and leader in Israel.